# Spring `ClassPathResource`教程 > 原文： [http://zetcode.com/spring/classpathresource/](http://zetcode.com/spring/classpathresource/) Spring `ClassPathResource`教程显示了如何在 Spring 应用中使用`ClassPathResource`读取资源。 Spring 是用于创建企业应用的流行 Java 应用框架。 ## Spring `ClassPathResource` `ClassPathResource`允许从 Java 类路径获取资源。 ## Spring `ClassPathResource`示例 该应用从 Java 类路径中的文件读取文本数据。 ```java src ├───main │ ├───java │ │ └───com │ │ └───zetcode │ │ │ Application.java │ │ └───service │ │ ReadWordsService.java │ └───resources │ logback.xml │ my-beans.xml │ words.txt └───test └───java ``` 这是项目结构。 `pom.xml` ```java <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.zetcode</groupId> <artifactId>classpathres</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <maven.compiler.source>11</maven.compiler.source> <maven.compiler.target>11</maven.compiler.target> <spring-version>5.1.3.RELEASE</spring-version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>ch.qos.logback</groupId> <artifactId>logback-classic</artifactId> <version>1.2.3</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> <version>${spring-version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> <version>${spring-version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId> <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId> <version>1.6.0</version> <configuration> <mainClass>com.zetcode.Application</mainClass> </configuration> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project> ``` 在`pom.xml`文件中，我们具有基本的 Spring 依赖项`spring-core`和`spring-context`和日志记录`logback-classic`依赖项。 `exec-maven-plugin`用于在命令行上从 Maven 执行 Spring 应用。 `resources/my-beans.xml` ```java <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean name="readWordsService" class="com.zetcode.service.ReadWordsService"/> </beans> ``` 在`my-beans.xml`文件中，我们配置`readWordsService` bean。 它成为 Spring 托管的 bean。 `resources/words.txt` ```java sky blue mountain fresh cloud rock water melon ``` `resources`目录包含在类路径中。 该应用从`words.txt`文件中读取单词。 `resources/logback.xml` ```java <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <configuration> <logger name="org.springframework" level="ERROR"/> <logger name="com.zetcode" level="INFO"/> <appender name="consoleAppender" class="ch.qos.logback.core.ConsoleAppender"> <encoder> <Pattern>%d{HH:mm:ss.SSS} [%thread] %blue(%-5level) %magenta(%logger{36}) - %msg %n </Pattern> </encoder> </appender> <root> <level value="INFO" /> <appender-ref ref="consoleAppender" /> </root> </configuration> ``` `logback.xml`是 Logback 日志库的配置文件。 `com/zetcode/service/ReadWordsService.java` ```java package com.zetcode.service; import org.springframework.core.io.ClassPathResource; import java.io.IOException; import java.nio.file.Files; import java.util.List; public class ReadWordsService { public List<String> readWords() throws IOException { var res = new ClassPathResource("words.txt"); var myFile = res.getFile(); var lines = Files.readAllLines(myFile.toPath()); return lines; } } ``` `ReadWordsService`将单词读入列表，并将列表返回给客户端。 ```java var res = new ClassPathResource("words.txt"); ``` `ClassPathResource`用于定位文本文件。 `com/zetcode/Application.java` ```java package com.zetcode; import com.zetcode.service.ReadWordsService; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import org.springframework.context.support.GenericXmlApplicationContext; import java.io.IOException; public class Application { private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Application.class); public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { var ctx = new GenericXmlApplicationContext("my-beans.xml"); var wordsService = (ReadWordsService) ctx.getBean("readWordsService"); var words = wordsService.readWords(); words.forEach(word -> logger.info(word)); ctx.close(); } } ``` 这是主要的应用类。 ```java var wordsService = (ReadWordsService) ctx.getBean("readWordsService"); var words = wordsService.readWords(); words.forEach(word -> logger.info(word)); ``` 我们从容器中检索`readWordsService` bean，并调用其`readWords()`方法。 文字将打印到控制台。 ```java $ mvn -q exec:java 00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - sky 00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - blue 00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - mountain 00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - fresh 00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - cloud 00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - rock 00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - water 00:25:49.008 [com.zetcode.Application.main()] INFO com.zetcode.Application - melon ``` 我们运行该应用。 在本教程中，我们使用了 Spring 的`ClassPathResource`。 您可能也对这些相关教程感兴趣：[经典 Spring 应用中的`JdbcTemplate`](/articles/springjdbctemplate/) ， [Spring 单例范围 bean](/spring/singletonscope/) ， [Spring 注入列表 XML 教程](/spring/injectlistxml/)， [Spring `BeanDefinitionBuilder`教程](/spring/beandefinitionbuilder/)， [Spring HikariCP 教程](/articles/springhikaricp/)和 [Java 教程](/lang/java/)。