# RabbitMQ和kafka的区别 1.应用场景方面 RabbitMQ：用于实时的，对可靠性要求较高的消息传递上。 kafka：用于处于活跃的流式数据，大数据量的数据处理上。 2.架构模型方面 producer，broker，consumer RabbitMQ：以broker为中心，有消息的确认机制 kafka：以consumer为中心，无消息的确认机制 3.吞吐量方面 RabbitMQ：支持消息的可靠的传递，支持事务，不支持批量操作，基于存储的可靠性的要求存储可以采用内存或硬盘，吞吐量小。 kafka：内部采用消息的批量处理，数据的存储和获取是本地磁盘顺序批量操作，消息处理的效率高，吞吐量高。 4.集群负载均衡方面 RabbitMQ：本身不支持负载均衡，需要loadbalancer的支持 kafka：采用zookeeper对集群中的broker，consumer进行管理，可以注册topic到zookeeper上，通过zookeeper的协调机制，producer保存对应的topic的broker信息，可以随机或者轮询发送到broker上，producer可以基于语义指定分片，消息发送到broker的某个分片上。 # 实践 官方文档：http://www.rabbitmq.com/install-debian.html#apt ### **ubuntu 16.04安装** 1.Signing Key In order to use the repository, add a key used to sign RabbitMQ releases to apt-key: `wget -O - 'https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/Keys/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc' | sudo apt-key add - ` 2.`echo "deb https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/debian xenial main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bintray.rabbitmq.list ` 3.provides Erlang/OTP packages. Add Repository Signing Key ``` curl -fsSL https://github.com/rabbitmq/signing-keys/releases/download/2.0/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc | sudo apt-key add - # 或者 sudo apt-key adv --keyserver "hkps.pool.sks-keyservers.net" --recv-keys "0x6B73A36E6026DFCA" ``` 4. It is possible to list multiple repositories, for example, one that provides RabbitMQ and one that provides Erlang/OTP packages. ``` sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bintray.rabbitmq.list <<EOF deb https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq-erlang/debian xenial erlang deb https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/debian xenial main EOF ``` ### **ubuntu 18.04安装** 1.Signing Key In order to use the repository, add a key used to sign RabbitMQ releases to apt-key: `wget -O - "https://packagecloud.io/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/gpgkey" | sudo apt-key add -` 2.`echo "deb https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/debian bionic main" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bintray.rabbitmq.list` 3.provides Erlang/OTP packages. Add Repository Signing Key ``` curl -fsSL https://github.com/rabbitmq/signing-keys/releases/download/2.0/rabbitmq-release-signing-key.asc | sudo apt-key add - # 或者 sudo apt-key adv --keyserver "hkps.pool.sks-keyservers.net" --recv-keys "0x6B73A36E6026DFCA" ``` 4. It is possible to list multiple repositories, for example, one that provides RabbitMQ and one that provides Erlang/OTP packages. ``` sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/bintray.rabbitmq.list <<EOF deb https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq-erlang/debian bionic erlang deb https://dl.bintray.com/rabbitmq/debian bionic main EOF ``` 5. **安装** ``` apt-get update apt-get install rabbitmq-server rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management#启用管理插件 rabbitmqctl add_user twdev LeanWork2015 rabbitmqctl set_user_tags twdev administrator????? rabbitmqctl add_user msc abc123 rabbitmqctl add_vhost msc-mq rabbitmqctl set_permissions -p msc-mq msc '.*' '.*' '.*' rabbitmqctl list_users; rabbitmqctl list_vhosts ``` ## **guest 用户如何禁用** ``` rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management rabbitmqctl add_user bwpre admin rabbitmqctl set_permissions bwpre ".*" ".*" ".*" rabbitmqctl set_user_tags bwpre administrator chmod 700 /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie echo -n "leanwork" > /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie chmod 400 /var/lib/rabbitmq/.erlang.cookie service rabbitmq-server restart rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management rabbitmqctl join_cluster rabbit@ali-hk-bwpre-mq1 --ram ``` ### **常用命令** ``` rabbitmqctl list_queues --vhost brokerwork rabbitmqctl delete_queue --vhost brokerwork BW_CUSTOMER_RCV_QUEUE ``` ### **centos 7.4安装** 1 `https://www.rabbitmq.com/install-rpm.html#package-cloud` `Using Bintray Yum Repository` 2 `curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-server/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash` `curl -s https://packagecloud.io/install/repositories/rabbitmq/erlang/script.rpm.sh | sudo bash`