# 装饰模式
装饰(Decorator)模式:动态地给(具体构建的)对象增加一些职责,即在原有的基础上增加其额外的功能。
**主要优点有:**
- 采用装饰模式扩展对象的功能比采用继承方式更加灵活。
- 可以设计出多个不同的具体装饰类,创造出多个不同行为的组合。
**主要缺点是:** 装饰模式增加了许多子类,如果过度使用会使程序变得很复杂。
特点:用来增强原有对象功能,依附于原有对象。
应用:用于需要对原有对象增加功能而不是完全覆盖的时候
## 装饰模式的应用场景
其适用的应用场景,装饰模式通常在以下几种情况使用。
- 当需要给一个现有类添加附加职责,而又不能采用生成子类的方法进行扩充时。例如,该类被隐藏或者该类是终极(final)类或者采用继承方式会产生大量的子类。
- 当需要通过对现有的一组基本功能进行排列组合而产生非常多的功能时,采用继承关系很难实现,而采用装饰模式却很好实现。
- 当对象的功能要求可以动态地添加,也可以再动态地撤销时。
例:其中最常见的就是一些游戏开发商,通过去做一些装备,例如武器,衣服,鞋子,戒指等等,来吸引玩家购买,穿在身上不仅好看,还带有额外属性。
#### 1. 模式的结构
装饰模式主要包含以下角色。
> 将具体构建实例对象通过析构或者普通方法传入具体装饰类中
1. 抽象构件(Component)角色:定义一个抽象接口以规范准备接收附加责任的对象。
2. 具体构件(Concrete Component)角色:实现(implements)抽象构件,通过装饰角色为其添加一些职责。
3. 抽象装饰(Decorator)角色:继承抽象构件,并包含具体构件的实例,可以通过其子类扩展具体构件的功能。
4. 具体装饰(ConcreteDecorator)角色:实现抽象装饰的相关方法,并给具体构件对象添加附加的责任。

```
<pre class="calibre10">```
<span class="token">//抽象构建</span>
interface <span class="token4">Component</span> <span class="token3">{</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//具体构建</span>
class <span class="token4">ConcreteComponent</span> implements <span class="token4">Component</span><span class="token3">{</span> <span class="token">//具体组件类</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span> <span class="token3">{</span><span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//抽象装饰</span>
abstract class <span class="token4">Decorator</span> implements <span class="token4">Component</span><span class="token3">{</span> <span class="token">// 装饰角色 </span>
protected $_component<span class="token3">;</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>Component $component<span class="token3">)</span> <span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>_component <span class="token1">=</span> $component<span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span> <span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>_component<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//具体装饰1</span>
class <span class="token4">ConcreteDecoratorA</span> extends <span class="token4">Decorator</span> <span class="token3">{</span> <span class="token">// 具体装饰类A</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>Component $component<span class="token3">)</span> <span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>$component<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span> <span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span> <span class="token">// 调用装饰类的操作</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">addedOperationA</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span> <span class="token">// 执行新增加的操作方法</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//添加新的抽象方法,上面在调用</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">addedOperationA</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span> <span class="token3">{</span>echo <span class="token2">'A加点酱油;'</span><span class="token3">;</span><span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//具体装饰2</span>
class <span class="token4">ConcreteDecoratorB</span> extends <span class="token4">Decorator</span> <span class="token3">{</span> <span class="token">// 具体装饰类B</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>Component $component<span class="token3">)</span> <span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>$component<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span> <span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">addedOperationB</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">addedOperationB</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span> <span class="token3">{</span>echo <span class="token2">"B加点辣椒;"</span><span class="token3">;</span><span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">// clients</span>
$component <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">ConcreteComponent</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$decoratorA <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">ConcreteDecoratorA</span><span class="token3">(</span>$component<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$decoratorB <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">ConcreteDecoratorB</span><span class="token3">(</span>$decoratorA<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$decoratorA<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span><span class="token">//输出:A加点酱油;</span>
echo <span class="token2">'<br>--------<br>'</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$decoratorB<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span><span class="token">//输出:A加点酱油;B加点辣椒;</span>
```
```
下面这个例子是典型装饰器模式的应用,特点是在不影响其他类的情况下动态添加其它具体装备类
```
<pre class="calibre10">```
<span class="token">/** 构件接口类(抽象构件类)
* interface IComponent
*/</span>
interface <span class="token4">IComponent</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
<span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">/** 人物类(具体构建类)
* Person
*/</span>
Class <span class="token4">Person</span> implements <span class="token4">IComponent</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
private $name<span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>$name<span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>name <span class="token1">=</span> $name<span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
echo <span class="token2">"{$this->name}当前装备:"</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">/** 装备类(抽象装饰)
* Equipment
*/</span>
Class <span class="token4">Equipment</span> implements <span class="token4">IComponent</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
protected $component<span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">Decorator</span><span class="token3">(</span>IComponent $component<span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
<span class="token">// 动态添加 </span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>component <span class="token1">=</span> $component<span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
<span class="token5">if</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token1">!</span><span class="token4">empty</span><span class="token3">(</span>$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>component<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>component<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">/** 具体装备 武器类(具体装饰)
* Weapon
*/</span>
Class <span class="token4">Weapon</span> extends <span class="token4">Equipment</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
<span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
echo <span class="token2">"龙泉剑 "</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">/** 具体装备 戒指类(具体装饰)
* Ring
*/</span>
Class <span class="token4">Ring</span> extends <span class="token4">Equipment</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
<span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
echo <span class="token2">"复活戒指 "</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">/** 具体装备 鞋子类(具体装饰)
* Shoes
*/</span>
Class <span class="token4">Shoes</span> extends <span class="token4">Equipment</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
<span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
echo <span class="token2">"御风履 "</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">// 如果需要可以继续添加具体的装备 腰带 裤子 手镯 </span>
<span class="token">// 创建人物 </span>
$people <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">Person</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token2">"战士"</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token">// 武器 </span>
$Weapon <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">Weapon</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token">// 戒指 </span>
$Ring <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">Ring</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token">// 鞋子 </span>
$Shoes <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">Shoes</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token">// 动态添加函数 </span>
$Weapon<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">Decorator</span><span class="token3">(</span>$people<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$Ring<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">Decorator</span><span class="token3">(</span>$Weapon<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$Shoes<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">Decorator</span><span class="token3">(</span>$Ring<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token">// 显示 </span>
$Shoes<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">Display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token">//输出结果:</span>
战士当前装备:龙泉剑 复活戒指 御风履
```
```
游戏角色变身
```
<pre class="calibre10">```
<span class="token">//抽象构件角色:莫莉卡</span>
interface <span class="token4">Morrigan</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//具体构件角色:原身</span>
class <span class="token4">original</span> implements <span class="token4">Morrigan</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
private $img<span class="token1">=</span><span class="token2">"Morrigan0.jpg"</span><span class="token3">;</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
echo <span class="token2">"《恶魔战士》中的莫莉卡·安斯兰"</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">setImage</span><span class="token3">(</span>$img<span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>img<span class="token1">=</span>$img<span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
$src<span class="token1">=</span><span class="token2">"src/decorator/"</span><span class="token3">.</span>$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>img<span class="token3">;</span>
echo $src<span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//抽象装饰角色:变形</span>
class <span class="token4">Changer</span> implements <span class="token4">Morrigan</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
public $m<span class="token3">;</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>Morrigan $m<span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>m<span class="token1">=</span>$m<span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>m<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//具体装饰角色:女妖</span>
class <span class="token4">Succubus</span> extends <span class="token4">Changer</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>Morrigan $m<span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>$m<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
echo <span class="token2">"《恶魔战士》中的莫莉卡·安斯兰变身女妖"</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">setChanger</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//执行变身(替换形态图片)</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">setChanger</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>m<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">setImage</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token2">"Morrigan1.jpg"</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//具体装饰角色:少女</span>
class <span class="token4">Girl</span> extends <span class="token4">Changer</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>Morrigan $m<span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>$m<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
echo <span class="token2">"《恶魔战士》中的莫莉卡·安斯兰之变身少女"</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">setChanger</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//执行变身(替换形态图片)</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">setChanger</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>m<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">setImage</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token2">"Morrigan2.jpg"</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
class <span class="token4">MorriganAensland</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
public static <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">main</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span>
<span class="token3">{</span>
$m0<span class="token1">=</span><span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">original</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$m0<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$m1<span class="token1">=</span><span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">Succubus</span><span class="token3">(</span>$m0<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$m1<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$m2<span class="token1">=</span><span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">Girl</span><span class="token3">(</span>$m0<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$m2<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">display</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
MorriganAensland<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">main</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
```
```
## 装饰模式的扩展
装饰模式所包含的 4 个角色不是任何时候都要存在的,在有些应用环境下模式是可以简化的,如以下两种情况。
(1) 如果只有一个具体构件而没有抽象构件时,可以让抽象装饰继承具体构件,其结构图如图 4 所示。

```
<pre class="calibre10">```
<span class="token">//具体构件</span>
class <span class="token4">ConcreteComponet</span><span class="token3">{</span>
<span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
echo <span class="token2">"原来的东西|"</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//抽象装饰</span>
class <span class="token4">Decorator</span> extends <span class="token4">ConcreteComponet</span><span class="token3">{</span>
private $componet<span class="token3">;</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>ConcreteComponet $componet<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>componet<span class="token1">=</span>$componet<span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>componet<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//具体装饰1</span>
class <span class="token4">ConcreteDecorator1</span> extends <span class="token4">Decorator</span><span class="token3">{</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">addedFunction</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">addedFunction</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
echo <span class="token2">"新增加的东西1|"</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//具体装饰2</span>
class <span class="token4">ConcreteDecorator2</span> extends <span class="token4">Decorator</span><span class="token3">{</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
parent<span class="token3">:</span><span class="token3">:</span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">addedFunction</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">addedFunction</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
echo <span class="token2">"新增加的东西2|"</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">// clients</span>
$concreteComponet <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">ConcreteComponet</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$decorator1 <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">ConcreteDecorator1</span><span class="token3">(</span>$concreteComponet<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$decorator2 <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">ConcreteDecorator2</span><span class="token3">(</span>$decorator1<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$decorator1<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span><span class="token">//输出:原来的东西|新增加的东西1|</span>
echo <span class="token2">'<br>--------<br>'</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$decorator2<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span><span class="token">//输出:原来的东西|新增加的东西1|新增加的东西2|</span>
```
```
(2) 如果只有一个具体装饰时,可以将抽象装饰和具体装饰合并,其结构图如图 5 所示。

```
<pre class="calibre17">```
interface <span class="token4">Componet</span><span class="token3">{</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//具体构件</span>
class <span class="token4">ConcreteComponet</span> implements <span class="token4">Componet</span><span class="token3">{</span>
<span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
echo <span class="token2">"原来的东西|"</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">//具体装饰与抽象装饰合并</span>
class <span class="token4">ConcreteDecorator</span> extends <span class="token4">ConcreteComponet</span><span class="token3">{</span>
private $componet<span class="token3">;</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">__construct</span><span class="token3">(</span>ConcreteComponet $componet<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>componet<span class="token1">=</span>$componet<span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span>componet<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$this<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">addedFunction</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
public <span class="token5">function</span> <span class="token4">addedFunction</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">{</span>
echo <span class="token2">"新增加的东西|"</span><span class="token3">;</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token3">}</span>
<span class="token">// clients</span>
$concreteComponet <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">ConcreteComponet</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$decorator <span class="token1">=</span> <span class="token5">new</span> <span class="token4">ConcreteDecorator</span><span class="token3">(</span>$concreteComponet<span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span>
$decorator<span class="token1">-</span><span class="token1">></span><span class="token4">operation</span><span class="token3">(</span><span class="token3">)</span><span class="token3">;</span><span class="token">//输出:原来的东西|新增加的东西|</span>
```
```
- php更新内容
- 其他
- empty、isset、is_null
- echo 输出bool值
- if真假情况
- 常量
- define与const(php5.3) 类常量
- 递归
- 单元测试
- 面向对象
- 全局变量域超全局变量
- php网络相关
- 支持的协议和封装协议(如http,php://input)
- 上下文(Context)选项和参数
- 过滤器
- http请求及模拟登录
- socket
- streams
- swoole
- 超全局变量
- $_ENV :存储了一些系统的环境变量
- $_COOKIE
- $_SESSION
- $_FILES
- $_SERVER
- 正则
- php正则函数
- 去除文本中的html、xml的标签
- 特殊符号
- \r\n
- 模式修正符
- 分组
- 断言
- 条件表达式
- 递归表达式 (?R)
- 固化分组
- 正则例子
- 框架
- 自动加载spl_autoload_register
- 时间函数
- 文件操作
- 文件的上传下载
- 常见的mimi类型
- 文件断点续传
- 下载文件防盗链
- 破解防盗链
- 无限分类
- 短信验证码
- 短信宝
- 视频分段加载
- phpDoc注释
- 流程控制代替语法
- 三元运算
- @错误抑制符
- 字符编码
- PHP CLI模式开发
- 配置可修改范围
- CGI、FastCGI和PHP-FPM关系图解
- No input file specified的解决方法
- SAPI(PHP常见的四种运行模式)
- assert断言
- 类基础
- 类的三大特性:封装,继承,多态
- 魔术方法
- 辅助查询(*)
- extends继承
- abstract 抽象类
- interface 接口(需要implements实现)
- 抽象类和接口的区别
- 多态
- static
- final
- serialize与unserialize
- instanceof 判断后代子类
- 类型约束
- clone克隆
- ::的用法
- new self()与new static()
- this、self、static、parent、super
- self、static、parent:后期静态绑定
- PHP的静态变量
- php导入
- trait
- 动态调用类方法
- 参数及类型申明
- 方法的重载覆盖
- return $a && $b
- 设计思想
- 依赖注入与依赖倒置
- 创建型模式(创建类对象)
- (*)单例模式
- (*)工厂模式
- 原型模式(在方法里克隆this)
- 创建者模式
- 结构型模式
- 适配器模式(Adapter)
- 桥接模式
- 装饰模式
- 组合模式
- 外观模式(门面(Facade)模式)
- 享元模式
- 代理模式
- 行为型模式
- (*)观察者模式
- (*)迭代器模式(Iterator)
- 模板方法模式 Template
- 命令模式(Command)
- 中介者模式(Mediator)
- 状态模式(State)
- 职责链模式 (Chainof Responsibility)
- 策略模式(Strategy)
- 已知模式-备忘录模式(Memento)
- 深度模式-解释器模式(Interpreter)
- 深度模式-访问者模式(Visitor)
- (*)注册树(注射器、注册表)模式
- 函数参考
- 影响 PHP 行为的扩展
- APC扩展(过时)
- APCu扩展
- APD扩展(过时)
- bcompiler扩展(过时)
- BLENC扩展 (代码加密 实验型)
- Componere扩展(7.1+)
- 错误处理扩展(PHP 核心)
- FFI扩展
- htscanner扩展
- inclued扩展
- Memtrack扩展
- OPcache扩展(5.5.0内部集成)
- Output Control扩展(核心)
- PHP Options/Info扩展(核心)
- phpdbg扩展(5.6+内部集成)
- runkit扩展
- runkit7扩展
- scream扩展
- uopz扩展
- Weakref扩展
- WinCache扩展
- Xhprof扩展
- 音频格式操作
- ID3
- KTaglib
- oggvorbis
- OpenAL
- 身份认证服务
- KADM5
- Radius
- 针对命令行的扩展
- Ncurses(暂无人维护)
- Newt(暂无人维护)
- Readline
- 压缩与归档扩展
- Bzip2
- LZF
- Phar
- Rar
- Zip
- Zlib
- 信用卡处理
- 加密扩展
- Crack(停止维护)
- CSPRNG(核心)
- Hash扩展(4.2内置默认开启、7.4核心)
- Mcrypt(7.2移除)
- Mhash(过时)
- OpenSSL(*)
- 密码散列算法(核心)
- Sodium(+)
- 数据库扩展
- 数据库抽象层
- 针对各数据库系统对应的扩展
- 日期与时间相关扩展
- Calendar
- 日期/时间(核心)
- HRTime(*)
- 文件系统相关扩展
- Direct IO
- 目录(核心)
- Fileinfo(内置)
- 文件系统(核心)
- Inotify
- Mimetype(过时)
- Phdfs
- Proctitle
- xattr
- xdiff
- 国际化与字符编码支持
- Enchant
- FriBiDi
- Gender
- Gettext
- iconv(内置默认开启)
- intl
- 多字节字符串(mbstring)
- Pspell
- Recode(将要过时)
- 图像生成和处理
- Cairo
- Exif
- GD(内置)
- Gmagick
- ImageMagick
- 邮件相关扩展
- Cyrus
- IMAP
- Mail(核心)
- Mailparse
- vpopmail(实验性 )
- 数学扩展
- BC Math
- GMP
- Lapack
- Math(核心)
- Statistics
- Trader
- 非文本内容的 MIME 输出
- FDF
- GnuPG
- haru(实验性)
- Ming(实验性)
- wkhtmltox(*)
- PS
- RPM Reader(停止维护)
- RpmInfo
- XLSWriter Excel操作(*)
- 进程控制扩展
- Eio
- Ev
- Expect
- Libevent
- PCNTL
- POSIX
- 程序执行扩展(核心)
- parallel
- pthreads(*)
- pht
- Semaphore
- Shared Memory
- Sync
- 其它基本扩展
- FANN
- GeoIP(*)
- JSON(内置)
- Judy
- Lua
- LuaSandbox
- Misc(核心)
- Parsekit
- SeasLog(-)
- SPL(核心)
- SPL Types(实验性)
- Streams(核心)
- Swoole(*)
- Tidy扩展
- Tokenizer
- URLs(核心)
- V8js(*)
- Yaml
- Yaf
- Yaconf(核心)
- Taint(检测xss字符串等)
- Data Structures
- 其它服务
- 网络(核心)
- cURL(*)
- Event(*)
- chdb
- FAM
- FTP
- Gearman
- Gopher
- Gupnp
- Hyperwave API(过时)
- LDAP(+)
- Memcache
- Memcached(+)
- mqseries
- RRD
- SAM
- ScoutAPM
- SNMP
- Sockets
- SSH2
- Stomp
- SVM
- SVN(试验性的)
- TCP扩展
- Varnish
- YAZ
- YP/NIS
- 0MQ(ZeroMQ、ZMQ)消息系统
- ZooKeeper
- 搜索引擎扩展
- mnoGoSearch
- Solr
- Sphinx
- Swish(实验性)
- 针对服务器的扩展
- Apache
- FastCGI 进程管理器
- IIS
- NSAPI
- Session 扩展
- Msession
- Sessions
- Session PgSQL
- 文本处理
- BBCode
- CommonMark(markdown解析)
- Parle
- PCRE( 核心)
- POSIX Regex
- ssdeep
- 字符串(核心)
- 变量与类型相关扩展
- 数组(核心)
- 类/对象(核心)
- Classkit(未维护)
- Ctype
- Filter扩展
- 函数处理(核心)
- quickhash扩展
- 反射扩展(核心)
- Variable handling(核心)
- Web 服务
- OAuth
- SCA(实验性)
- SOAP
- Yar
- XML-RPC(实验性)
- Windows 专用扩展
- COM
- win32ps
- win32service
- XML 操作
- DOM(内置,默认开启)
- libxml(内置 默认开启)
- SDO(停止维护)
- SDO-DAS-Relational(试验性的)
- SDO DAS XML
- SimpleXML(内置,5.12+默认开启)
- WDDX
- XMLDiff
- XML 解析器(Expat 解析器 默认开启)
- XMLReader(5.1+内置默认开启)
- XMLWriter(5.1+内置默认开启)
- XSL(内置)
- 图形用户界面(GUI) 扩展
- UI
- 预定义类
- PHP SPL(PHP 标准库)
- 数据结构
- SplDoublyLinkedList(双向链表)
- SplStack(栈 先进后出)
- SplQueue(队列)
- SplHeap(堆)
- SplMaxHeap(最大堆)
- SplMinHeap(最小堆)
- SplPriorityQueue(堆之优先队列)
- SplFixedArray(阵列【数组】)
- SplObjectStorage(映射【对象存储】)
- 迭代器
- DirectoryIterator类
- 文件处理
- SplFileInfo
- SplFileObject
- SplTempFileObject
- 接口 interface
- Countable
- OuterIterator
- RecursiveIterator
- SeekableIterator
- 异常
- 各种类及接口
- SplSubject
- SplObserver
- ArrayObject(将数组作为对象操作)
- SPL 函数
- 预定义接口
- Traversable(遍历)接口
- Iterator(迭代器)接口
- IteratorAggregate(聚合式迭代器)接口
- ArrayAccess(数组式访问)接口
- Serializable 序列化接口
- JsonSerializable
- Closure 匿名函数(闭包)类
- Generator生成器类
- 生成器(php5.5+)
- 反射
- 一、反射(reflection)类
- 二、Reflector 接口
- ReflectionClass 类报告了一个类的有关信息。
- ReflectionFunctionAbstract
- ReflectionParameter 获取函数或方法参数的相关信息
- ReflectionProperty 类报告了类的属性的相关信息。
- ReflectionClassConstant类报告有关类常量的信息。
- ReflectionZendExtension 类返回Zend扩展相关信息
- ReflectionExtension 报告了一个扩展(extension)的有关信息。
- 三、ReflectionGenerator类用于获取生成器的信息
- 四、ReflectionType 类用于获取函数、类方法的参数或者返回值的类型。
- 五、反射的应用场景
- git
- Git代码同时上传到GitHub和Gitee(码云)
- Git - 多人协同开发利器,团队协作流程规范与注意事项
- 删除远程仓库的文件
- 创建composer项目
- composer安装及设置
- composer自动加载讲解
- phpsdudy的composer操作
- swoole笔记
- 安装及常用Cli操作
- TCP
- 4种回调函数的写法
- phpRedis
- API
- API详细
- redis DB 概念:
- 通用命令:rawCommand
- Connection
- Server
- List
- Set
- Zset
- Hash
- string
- Keys
- 事物
- 发布订阅
- 流streams
- Geocoding 地理位置
- lua脚本
- Introspection 自我检测
- biMap
- 原生
- php-redis 操作类 封装
- redis 队列解决秒杀解决超卖:
- Linux
- Centos8(Liunx) 中安装PHP7.4 的三种方法和删除它的三种方法
- 权限设计
- ACL
- RBAC
- RBAC0
- RBAC1
- RBAC2
- RBAC3
- 例子
- ABAC 基于属性的访问控制
- 总结:SAAS后台权限设计案例分析
- casbin-权限管理框架
- 开始使用
- casbinAPI
- Think-Casbin
- 单点登录(SSO)
- OAuth授权
- OAuth 2.0 的四种方式
- 更新令牌
- 例子:第三方登录
- 微服务架构下的统一身份认证和授权
- 杂项
- SSL证书
- sublime Emmet的快捷语法
- 免费翻译接口
- 免费空间
- xss过滤
- HTML Purifier文档
- xss例子
- 实用小函数
- PHP操作Excel
- 架构师必须知道的26项PHP安全实践
- 模版布局
- smarty模版
- blade
- twig
- 大佬博客
- 优化
- 缓存
- opcache
- memcache
- 数据库
- 主从分布
- 数据库设计
- 笔记
- 配置
- nginx 主从配置
- nginx 负载均衡的配置
- 手动搭建Redis集群和MySQL主从同步(非Docker)
- Redis Cluster集群
- mysql主从同步
- 用安卓手机搭建 web 服务器
- 软件选择
- 扩展库列表
- 代码审计
- 漏洞挖掘的思路
- 命令注入
- 代码注入
- XSS 反射型漏洞
- XSS 存储型漏洞
- 本地包含与远程包含
- sql注入
- 函数
- 注释
- 步骤
- information_schema
- sql注入的分类
- 实战
- 防御
- CSRF 跨站请求伪造
- 计动态函数执行与匿名函数执行
- unserialize反序列化漏洞
- 覆盖变量漏洞
- 文件管理漏洞
- 文件上传漏洞
- 跳过登录
- URL编码对照表
- 浏览器插件开发
- 插件推荐
- 扩展文件manifest.json
- 不可视的background(常驻)页面
- 可视页面browser actions与page actions及八种展示方式
- 使用chrome.xxx API
- Google Chrome扩展与Web页面/服务器之间的交互
- Google Chrome扩展中的页面之间的数据通信
- inject-script
- chromeAPI
- pageAction
- alarms
- chrome.tabs
- chrome.runtime
- chrome.webRequest
- chrome.window
- chrome.storage
- chrome.contextMenus
- chrome.devtools
- chrome.extension
- 分类
- homepage_url 开发者或者插件主页
- 5种类型的JS对比及消息通信
- 其它补充
- 前端、移动端
- html5
- meta标签
- flex布局
- javascript
- 获取js对象所有方法
- dom加载
- ES6函数写法
- ES6中如何导入和导出模块
- 数组的 交集 差集 补集 并集
- bootstrap
- class速查
- 常见data属性
- 开源项目
- 会员 数据库表设计
- 程序执行
- 开发总结
- API接口
- API接口设计
- json转化
- app接口