Spring AOP + AspectJ XML 配置示例 · HowToDoInJava 中文系列教程

# Spring AOP + AspectJ XML 配置示例 > 原文： [https://howtodoinjava.com/spring-aop/spring-aop-aspectj-xml-configuration-example/](https://howtodoinjava.com/spring-aop/spring-aop-aspectj-xml-configuration-example/) 如果您是仍然对 JDK 1.4 感兴趣的极少数开发人员之一，或者您正在维护一个旧的 Spring 应用程序，其中 AOP 代码已用 XML 配置文件编写，那么此文章适合您。在此处学习如何使用基于 xml 的配置来定义和使用 AspectJ 的 spring aop。 > **阅读更多内容**：[使用注解配置](https://howtodoinjava.com/spring/spring-aop/spring-aop-aspectj-example-tutorial-using-annotation-config/)的 Spring AOP AspectJ 示例 ## 1）如何声明切面使用`<aop:aspect>`元素声明一个切面，并使用`ref`属性引用该支持 bean，如下所示： ```java <aop:config> <aop:aspect id="loggingAspect" ref="loggingAspectBean"> ... </aop:aspect> </aop:config> <bean id="loggingAspectBean" class="com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeCRUDLoggingAspect" /> ``` ## 2）如何定义切入点切入点有助于确定要使用不同建议执行的连接点。切入点将定义如下： ```java <aop:config> <aop:aspect id="loggingAspect" ref="loggingAspectBean"> <aop:pointcut id="loggingOperation" expression="execution(* com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeManager.*(..))" /> <aop:pointcut id="transactionOperation" expression="execution(* com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeManager.getEmployeeById(..))" /> </aop:aspect> </aop:config> <bean id="loggingAspectBean" class="com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeCRUDLoggingAspect" /> ``` 在上面的示例中，两个切入点（`loggingOperation`和`transactionOperation`）将与`EmployeeManager`类中定义的方法匹配。其中`loggingOperation`切入点将匹配`EmployeeManager`中定义的所有方法，而`transactionOperation`仅匹配`EmployeeManager.getEmployeeById()`方法执行。 > **阅读更多内容**：[Spring AOP AspectJ 切入点表达式以及示例](https://howtodoinjava.com/spring/spring-aop/writing-spring-aop-aspectj-pointcut-expressions-with-examples/) ## 3）定义建议您可以使用`<aop:advise_name>`元素在`<aop:aspect>`中声明五个建议中的任何一个，如下所示： ```java <aop:config>  <aop:pointcut id="loggingOperation" expression="execution(* com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeManager.*(..))" /> <aop:pointcut id="transactionOperation" expression="execution(* com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeManager.getEmployeeById(..))" />  <aop:aspect id="loggingAspect" ref="loggingAspectBean">  <aop:before pointcut-ref="loggingOperation" method="logBefore" /> <aop:after pointcut-ref="loggingOperation" method="logAfter" /> </aop:aspect> </aop:config> ``` ## 基于 XML 的 Spring AOP 配置的示例应用程序在此示例中，我在`EmployeeManager`接口内定义的所有方法的日志建议之前和之后应用`EmployeeManager.getEmployeeById()`方法的事务建议。完整的配置文件如下： `applicationContext.xml` ```java <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/ http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd ">   <aop:config>  <aop:pointcut id="loggingOperation" expression="execution(* com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeManager.*(..))" /> <aop:pointcut id="transactionOperation" expression="execution(* com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeManager.getEmployeeById(..))" />  <aop:aspect id="loggingAspect" ref="loggingAspectBean">  <aop:before pointcut-ref="loggingOperation" method="logBefore" /> <aop:after pointcut-ref="loggingOperation" method="logAfter" /> </aop:aspect>  <aop:aspect id="transactionAspect" ref="transactionAspectBean"> <aop:before pointcut-ref="transactionOperation" method="getEmployeeById" /> </aop:aspect> </aop:config>  <bean id="loggingAspectBean" class="com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeCRUDLoggingAspect" /> <bean id="transactionAspectBean" class="com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeCRUDTransactionAspect" />  <bean id="employeeManager" class="com.howtodoinjava.demo.aop.EmployeeManagerImpl" /> </beans> ``` 本示例中使用的其他文件是： `EmployeeDTO.java` ```java public class EmployeeDTO { private Integer id; private String firstName; private String lastName; //Setters and Getters } ``` `EmployeeManager.java` ```java public interface EmployeeManager { public EmployeeDTO getEmployeeById(Integer employeeId); public List<EmployeeDTO> getAllEmployee(); public void createEmployee(EmployeeDTO employee); public void deleteEmployee(Integer employeeId); public void updateEmployee(EmployeeDTO employee); } ``` `EmployeeManagerImpl.java` ```java public class EmployeeManagerImpl implements EmployeeManager { public EmployeeDTO getEmployeeById(Integer employeeId) { System.out.println("Method getEmployeeById() called"); return new EmployeeDTO(); } public List<EmployeeDTO> getAllEmployee() { System.out.println("Method getAllEmployee() called"); return new ArrayList<EmployeeDTO>(); } public void createEmployee(EmployeeDTO employee) { System.out.println("Method createEmployee() called"); } public void deleteEmployee(Integer employeeId) { System.out.println("Method deleteEmployee() called"); } public void updateEmployee(EmployeeDTO employee) { System.out.println("Method updateEmployee() called"); } } ``` `EmployeeCRUDLoggingAspect.java` ```java public class EmployeeCRUDLoggingAspect { public void logBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) { System.out.println("EmployeeCRUDAspect.logBefore() : " + joinPoint.getSignature().getName()); } public void logAfter(JoinPoint joinPoint) { System.out.println("EmployeeCRUDAspect.logAfter() : " + joinPoint.getSignature().getName()); } } ``` `EmployeeCRUDTransactionAspect.java` ```java public class EmployeeCRUDTransactionAspect { public void getEmployeeById(JoinPoint joinPoint) { System.out.println("EmployeeCRUDTransactionAspect.getEmployeeById() : " + joinPoint.getSignature().getName()); } } ``` `TestAOP.java` ```java public class TestAOP { @SuppressWarnings("resource") public static void main(String[] args) { ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/howtodoinjava/demo/aop/applicationContext.xml"); EmployeeManager manager = ( EmployeeManager ) context.getBean("employeeManager"); manager.getEmployeeById(1); manager.createEmployee(new EmployeeDTO()); manager.deleteEmployee(100); } } Output: EmployeeCRUDAspect.logBefore() : getEmployeeById EmployeeCRUDTransactionAspect.getEmployeeById() : getEmployeeById Method getEmployeeById() called EmployeeCRUDAspect.logAfter() : getEmployeeById EmployeeCRUDAspect.logBefore() : createEmployee Method createEmployee() called EmployeeCRUDAspect.logAfter() : createEmployee EmployeeCRUDAspect.logBefore() : deleteEmployee Method deleteEmployee() called EmployeeCRUDAspect.logAfter() : deleteEmployee ``` 在下面的评论部分中给我任何评论/查询。 **祝您学习愉快！**