Linux 离线安装 · Docker —— 从入门到实践

# 离线部署Docker [TOC] 生产环境中一般都是没有公网资源的，本文介绍如何在生产服务器上离线部署`Docker` 括号内的字母表示该操作需要在哪些服务器上执行 <img src="_images/image-20200412202617411.png" alt="Docker-offile-install-top" style="zoom:30%;" /> ## Centos7 离线安装Docker ### YUM本地文件安装（推荐）推荐这种方式，是因为在生产环境种一般会选定某个指定的文档软件版本使用。 #### 查询可用的软件版本(A) ```bash #下载清华的镜像源文件 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo sudo sed -i 's+download.docker.com+mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce+' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo yum update ``` ```bash sudo yum list docker-ce --showduplicates|sort -r Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Loaded plugins: fastestmirror docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.8-3.el7 docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.7-3.el7 docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.6-3.el7 docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.5-3.el7 docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.4-3.el7 docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.3-3.el7 docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.2-3.el7 docker-ce-stable docker-ce.x86_64 3:19.03.1-3.el7 docker-ce-stable .... ``` #### 下载到指定文件夹(A) ```bash sudo yum install --downloadonly --downloaddir=/tmp/docker-19.03 docker-ce-19.03.8-3.el7 docker-ce-cli-19.03.8-3.el7 ``` ```bash Dependencies Resolved ==================================================================================================================================================================================== Package Arch Version Repository Size ==================================================================================================================================================================================== Installing: docker-ce x86_64 3:19.03.8-3.el7 docker 25 M Installing for dependencies: container-selinux noarch 2:2.107-3.el7 extras 39 k containerd.io x86_64 1.2.13-3.1.el7 docker 23 M docker-ce-cli x86_64 1:19.03.8-3.el7 docker 40 M Transaction Summary ==================================================================================================================================================================================== Install 1 Package (+3 Dependent packages) Total download size: 87 M Installed size: 363 M Background downloading packages, then exiting: (1/4): container-selinux-2.107-3.el7.noarch.rpm | 39 kB 00:00:00 (2/4): containerd.io-1.2.13-3.1.el7.x86_64.rpm | 23 MB 00:00:00 (3/4): docker-ce-19.03.8-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 25 MB 00:00:00 (4/4): docker-ce-cli-19.03.8-3.el7.x86_64.rpm | 40 MB 00:00:00 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ Total 118 MB/s | 87 MB 00:00:00 exiting because "Download Only" specified ``` #### 复制到目标服务器之后进入文件夹安装(C-N) ```bash yum install *.rpm ``` #### 锁定软件版本(C-N) ##### 下载锁定版本软件可参考下文的网络源搭建 ```bash sudo yum install yum-plugin-versionlock ``` ##### 锁定软件版本 ```bash sudo yum versionlock add docker ``` ##### 查看锁定列表 ```bash sudo yum versionlock list ``` ```bash Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, versionlock 3:docker-ce-18.09.9-3.el7.* versionlock list done ``` ##### 锁定后无法再更新 ```bash sudo yum install docker-ce Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, versionlock Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile Excluding 1 update due to versionlock (use "yum versionlock status" to show it) Package 3:docker-ce-18.09.9-3.el7.x86_64 already installed and latest version Nothing to do ``` ##### 解锁指定软件 ```bash sudo yum versionlock delete docker-ce ``` ```bash Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, versionlock Deleting versionlock for: 3:docker-ce-18.09.9-3.el7.* versionlock deleted: 1 ``` ##### 解锁所有软件 ```bash sudo yum versionlock delete all ``` ### YUM 本地源服务器搭建安装Docker #### 挂载 ISO 镜像搭建本地 File 源（AB） ```bash # 删除其他网络源 rm -f /etc/yum.repo.d/* # 挂载光盘或者iso镜像 mount /dev/cdrom /mnt ``` ```bash # 添加本地源 cat >/etc/yum.repos.d/local_files.repo<< EOF [Local_Files] name=Local_Files baseurl=file:///mnt enable=1 gpgcheck=0 gpgkey=file:///mnt/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7 EOF ``` ```bash # 测试刚才的本地源,安装createrepo软件 yum clean all yum install createrepo -y ``` #### 根据本地文件搭建BASE网络源（B） ```bash # 安装apache 服务器 yum install httpd -y # 挂载光盘 mount /dev/cdrom /mnt # 新建centos目录 mkdir /var/www/html/base # 复制光盘内的文件到刚才新建的目录 cp -R /mnt/Packages/* /var/www/html/base/ createrepo /var/www/html/centos/ systemctl enable httpd systemctl start httpd ``` #### 下载Docker-CE 镜像仓库（A）在有网络的服务器上下载Docker-ce镜像 ```bash # 下载清华的镜像源文件 wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo sudo sed -i 's+download.docker.com+mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/docker-ce+' /etc/yum.repos.d/docker-ce.repo ``` ```bash # 新建 docker-ce目录 mkdir /tmp/docker-ce/ # 把镜像源同步到镜像文件中 reposync -r docker-ce-stable -p /tmp/docker-ce/ ``` #### 创建仓库索引（B）把下载的 docker-ce 文件夹复制到离线的服务器 ```bash # 把docker-ce 文件夹复制到/var/www/html/docker-ce # 重建索引 createrepo /var/www/html/docker-ce/ ``` #### YUM 客户端设置（C...N） ```bash rm -f /etc/yum.repo.d/* cat >/etc/yum.repos.d/local_files.repo<< EOF [local_base] name=local_base # 改成B服务器地址 baseurl=http://x.x.x.x/base enable=1 gpgcheck=0 proxy=_none_ [docker_ce] name=docker_ce # 改成B服务器地址 baseurl=http://x.x.x.x/base enable=1 gpgcheck=0 proxy=_none_ EOF ``` #### Docker 安装（C...N） ```bash sudo yum makecache fast sudo yum install docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io sudo systemctl enable docker ```